Yogyakarta Palace was started by Sultan lane I post a few months Giyanti Treaty in 1755. The location of this palace is reputedly named a former pesanggarahan Garjitawati. This guesthouse is used to break the funeral procession of the kings of Mataram (Kartasura and Surakarta) to be buried in Imogiri. Another version states the location of the palace is a fountain, Pacethokan Bannerman, who was in the woods Beringan. Prior to occupy the Palace of Yogyakarta, Sultan lane I stayed at the Ambar Pesanggrahan Ketawang which now includes the District of Sleman Regency Dalkeith.
Physically, the palace of the Sultan of Yogyakarta has seven core complex that is Siti Hinggil Ler (North Hall), Kamandhungan Ler (Kamandhungan North), Sri Manganti, Kedhaton, Kamagangan, Kamandhungan Kidul (South Kamandhungan), and Siti Hinggil Kidul (South Hall). In addition Sultan Palace has a variety of cultural heritage that shaped both the ceremony and ancient artifacts and historic. On the other hand, the Sultan Palace is also a traditional institution complete with customary holders. It is therefore not surprising that the values of philosophy as well as the mythology surrounding the Sultan Palace.
Spatial and general architecture
Chief architect of this palace was Sultan Hamengkubuwana I, founder of the Sultanate Ngayogyakarta. His expertise in the field of architecture regarded by Dutch scientists - Dr. Pigeund and Dr. Adam who regard it as the "architect of the civil Pakubuwono II Surakarta". The building principal and the basic design layout of the palace following the basic design of the landscape the old city of Yogyakarta, was completed between the years 1755-1756. Other buildings added in later by the next Sultan of Yogyakarta. Form of the palace which looks today is largely a result of refurbishment and restoration undertaken by Sultan Hamengkubuwono VIII (reigned in 1921-1939).
Layout
Corridor in the background Kedhaton Gedhong Jene and Gedhong Purworetno
Formerly a major part of the palace, from the north keselatan, starting from the gate Gladhag in the north to the south Plengkung Nirboyo. Parts of the main palace of Yogyakarta from north to south are: Gate-Pangurakan Gladag; Ler Square Complex (North Field) and the Mosque Gedhe (Masjid Raya Kingdom); Complex Pagelaran, Siti Complex Hinggil Ler, Ler Kamandhungan Complex; Complex Sri Manganti ; Complex Kedhaton; Complex Kamagangan; Complex Kamandhungan Kidul; Complex Siti Hinggil Kidul (now called Sasana Hinggil); and Square South (South Field) and Plengkung Nirbaya commonly called Plengkung Gadhing.
Parts of the north south Kedhaton with virtually symmetrical. Most of the buildings on the north Complex Kedhaton facing north and south Complex Kedhaton facing south. In most areas Kedhaton own buildings facing east or west. However, there are building facing the other direction.
In addition to the parts that pivot the main north-south palace also has another part. The sections include Pracimosono Complex, Complex Roto Wijayan, Kilen Palace Complex, Complex Taman Sari, and Crown Prince Palace Complex (initially Sawojajar later in nDalem Mangkubumen). All around the palace and in it there is a defense system consisting of a wall / wall and Baluwerti Cepuri. Outside the walls of the buildings that are associated with the palace, among others, Monument White Pal, Gedhong Krapyak, nDalem Kepatihan (Palace of the Prime Minister), and Beringharjo market.
General Architecture
In general, each complex is comprised of pages that are covered with sand from the south coast, the main building as well as the companion, and sometimes planted certain trees. Complex with each other separated by walls high enough and that is usually associated with Regol Semar Tinandu style. Doors made of teak wood is thick. Behind or in front of each gate there is usually called the wall insulation or Baturono Renteng. In particular insulation Regol have a distinctive ornament.
Yogyakarta Palace buildings looked more stylish traditional Javanese architecture. In certain parts of the visible touch of foreign cultures such as Portuguese, Dutch, and even China. Buildings in each complex are usually shaped / berkonstruksi Joglo or derivations / derivative construction. Joglo open without walls is called the ward while the wall is called Gedhong joglo closed (the building). In addition there are buildings that form a canopy of bamboo and thatched bamboo poster called Tratag. In the development of this tin-roofed buildings and colonnaded iron.
Joglo roof surface in the form of trapezoid. The material is made of shingle, isthmus, as well as zinc and usually colored red or gray. The roof is supported by the main mast is called with Soko Guru that was in the middle of the building, as well as other poles. The pillars of the building is usually dark green or black with yellow ornaments, light green, red, and gold as well as others. For the other buildings made of wood has a color matching the color of the pole. In certain buildings (eg Manguntur Tangkil) has Mirong Princess ornaments, calligraphy stilasi of Allah, Muhammad, and Alif Lam Mim Ra, in the middle of the poles.
For the stone plinth, Ompak in black combined with gold-colored ornaments. The color white dominates the building wall and the dividing wall complex. Floors are usually made of alabaster or patterned tiles. The floor is made higher than sandy page. In particular building has a main floor higher. In particular building is equipped with a square stone, called Selo Gilang place where the Sultan's throne.
Each building has a class depending on its function, including proximity to office users. The main class for example, buildings used by the Sultan in an official capacity, has a more intricate details of ornamentation and beautiful compared to the class below it. The lower the grade of building the more simple ornaments do not even have the ornaments at all. In addition to ornaments, the class of buildings can also be seen from the material and form a part or whole of the building itself.
Complex front
Gladhag-Pangurakan
The main gate to get into the Yogyakarta Palace complex from the north is the gate and the gate Pangurakan Gladhag located just a few meters to the south. Both of these gates looks like a layered defense. In his supposedly Pangurakan is where you can drop a watch list or expulsion from the city for those who got the punishment of exile / exile.
Another version says there are three gates of the gate Gladhag, Pangurakan nJawi Gate, and Gate Pangurakan Lebet. Gladhag first gate located on the northern end of Jalan Trikora (General Post Office in Yogyakarta and Bank BNI 46) but now it's gone. In the south is the gate current nJawi Pangurakan still standing and the first gate on entry palace from the north. In the south gate there nJawi Pangurakan Plataran / Pangurakan field which is now a part of the Road Trikora. South boundary is the gate Pangurakan Lebet which also still stands. After the gate there Pangurakan Ler Square Complex.
Alun-alun Lor
Terrain, "Alun-alun Lor ', in the north of Yogyakarta court with its tree-ringin Brackets
Alun-alun Lor is a grassy field in the northern part of Yogyakarta Palace. Formerly a square-shaped terrain is surrounded by a wall fence high enough. Now the wall was not seen again except on the east side of the south. Today the square is narrowed and only the center are visible. At the edge of the paved road was built which was opened to the public.
On the edge of the square planted with a row of banyan trees (Ficus Benjamina; family Moraceae) and middle-middle there is a banyan tree which was given a pair of fence called K. Sengkeran / ringin Brackets (banyan fenced). Both the tree is named Kyai Kyai Dewadaru and Janadaru. In addition to the Sultan of his day was Pepatih Dalem which may pass through / walk between the two banyan trees that lined it. This place is also used as an arena of the people sit down to do the "Tapas Pepe" when Pisowanan Ageng as a form of objection on government policy. Employee / abdi-Dalem Kori will meet them to hear any complaints then submitted to the Sultan who was sitting on Siti Hinggil.
On the sidelines of the banyan tree at the edge of the north, east, and west there is a small pavilion called Pekapalan, transit and stay to the Regents of the Overseas Empire. The building is now a lot has changed its function and some have disappeared. Formerly the southern part there is a building that is now a separate complex, Pagelaran.
In ancient times Square Lor used as the venue for royal events and ceremonies involving the masses. Among these are Garebeg and sekaten, Watangan events and tiger rampogan, pisowanan ageng, and so on. Now this place is frequently used for various events that also involve the community such as concerts, campaigns, rallies, venues of worship until the Islamic holidays are also used for football locals and the parking of vehicles.
Sultanate Mosques Gedhe
Gedhe Sultanate Mosque Complex (Masjid Raya Empire) or the Great Mosque of Yogyakarta is located west of the complex north of the town square. Complex which is also called the Mosque Gedhe Kauman surrounded by a high wall. The main entrance of the complex located on the east side. Architectural tajug square-shaped main building with the roof closed bertumpang three. To enter the main doors are on the east and north. On the western side there is a three-tiered pulpit made of wood, the mihrab (the imam leads the prayer), and a cage-like building called maksura. In his time (for security reasons) in this place to worship the Emperor. Joglo mosque portico shaped rectangle open. Parent mosque floor is made higher than the mosque portico and porch floor is much higher than the courtyard. On the north-east-south porch there is a small pond. In ancient times this pool to wash the feet of people who want to enter the mosque.
In front of the mosque there is a courtyard planted with a particular tree. In the north and south of the page (the northeast and southeast of the mosque building highways) there is a fairly high building called Pagongan. Pagongan in the northeast of the mosque called Pagongan Ler (North Pagongan) and located in the southeast called Pagongan Kidul (South Pagongan). At the ceremony Sekaten, Pagongan Ler used to put the gamelan Kyai Sekati Kangjeng (KK) Dragon Wilaga for gamelan and South Pagongan Sekati KK Guntur Madu. In southwestern South Pagongan there door to enter the mosque complex highway that used in the ceremony at the ceremony Sekaten Boto Traces in Dal. In addition there is Pengulon, official residence of Kyai Kangjeng Pengulu north mosque and the old cemetery west of the mosque.
Core complex
Complex performances
The main building is the Ward show formerly known by the name Tratag Creep. In his performances is the place where the imperial courtier to the Sultan at the official ceremony. Now often used for events tourism, religion, and others in addition to ceremonial palace. Ward Pemandengan pair located at the far east and west show. Formerly the place was used by the Sultan to watch the war games in the Square Lor.
A pair of Ward Pasewakan / clamp located just outside the east wing and west show. Formerly used by the commanders of the Sultan of the Sultanate received orders or waiting to report to him later also used as a place to keep the Regent Anom Jaba. Now used for tourism interests (such diorama depicting a procession of traditional, palace and other soldiers). Pengrawit wards located in the south east wing Tratag performances formerly used by the Sultan to inaugurate Pepatih Dalem. Currently on the south side of the complex is decorated with reliefs struggle Sultan HB I and Sultan HB IX. Show complex was once used by the University of Gadjah Mada University has a campus in Bulak before Wells.
Siti Hinggil Ler
In the south there are complex performances Siti Hinggil Complex. Siti complex Hinggil traditionally used to conduct official royal ceremonies. In this place on December 19, 1949 used the inauguration Univ. Gadjah Mada University. The complex is made higher than the surrounding soil with two levels to rise in the north and south. Among the events and Siti Hinggil planted rows of trees Gayam (Inocarpus edulis / Inocarpus fagiferus; family Papilionaceae).
On the right and left lower end of the ladder north Siti Hinggil Pacikeran there are two wards which are used by abdi-Dalem Mertolulut and Singonegoro until about 1926. Pacikeran barasal of ciker word which means a broken hand. Tarub Great Buildings located just north of the top level. The building is square-shaped canopy with four poles, where the authorities of transit waiting for his entourage into the inner palace. In the northeast and northwest are the Great Tarub Kori Ward. In this place, formerly in charge of servants and servant-Kori Dalem Dalem attorney whose function is to convey the people's petition and complaint to the Sultan.
Manguntur Tangkil ward lies in the middle of Siti Hinggil under or inside a large open hall called Tratag Sitihinggil. This building is where the Sultan sat on his throne at formal occasions such as royal inauguration and Pisowanan Sultan Agung. In this ward also on December 17, 1949 Ir. Sukarno was inaugurated as President of the United States of Indonesia. Witono standing in the south ward Manguntur Tangkil. The main floor wards greater than Tangkil Manguntur is made higher. This building used to put symbols of royal or royal heritage royal official during the event.
Bang bale is located on the east Tratag Siti Hinggil in ancient times used to store the device Gamelan Sekati, Guntur Madu and KK KK Dragon Wilaga. Angun-angun bale located on the west Tratag Siti Hinggil in his day was a place to store the spear, KK-angun Angun Suro.
Kamandhungan Lor
In the south there Hinggil Siti hallway that ran east-west. South aisle wall is a wall Cepuri and there is a large gate, Regol Brojonolo, as a liaison with Kamandhungan Hinggil Siti. To the east and west sides of the south gate there is a checkpoint. This gate is only opened during an official ceremony in the royal and other days are always in a closed state. To enter the complex in the palace complex Kamandhungan once daily through the door Keben Gate on the east side and west of this complex, each of which a respective door into the street and Rotowijayan Kemitbumen.
Ler Kamandhungan complex is often called because in its pages Keben Keben planted trees (Barringtonia asiatica; family Lecythidaceae). Ponconiti wards located in the middle of the page is the main building in this complex. In the past (roughly until 1812) use this ward to try the case with the penalty of death by the Sultan himself who led the trial. Another version is used to adjudicate all matters relating to the royal family. This ward is now used in a custom event like Garebeg and sekaten. In the south ward there Ponconiti large canopy to reduce the guests from their vehicles called Bale Antiwahana. In addition to the building there are several other buildings in this place.
Sri Manganti
Sri Manganti complex located south of the complex and connected by Ler Kamandhungan Regol Sri Manganti. There is a decoration on the wall insulation giant Makara. On the west side of the complex there is a ward of Sri Manganti that in his day used as a place for receiving important guests of the kingdom. Now in this location which placed some form of heritage palace gamelan musical instruments. It also functioned to organize events tourism palace.
Mas Traju ward located on the east side became the first royal officials when accompanying Sultan dala welcome guests. Another version says the possibility of a tribunal of this place (?). This place used to place some form of heritage which, among other stretchers and dressing table. These wards had collapsed on May 27, 2006 earthquake that rocked Yogyakarta and Central Java. After the restoration process that takes a long time finally in early 2010 this building has stood in its place again.
In the east ward there are two guns made by Sultan HB II that flank a lettered inscriptions and Chinese language. On the east side stands Gedhong Parentah Hageng Palace, Palace of the High Administrative building. Also on this page are Pecaosan Attorney ward, ward Pecaosan Soldier, Pecaosan Dhalang wards and other buildings.
Kedhaton
Donopratopo Gate, Kraton
On the south side of the complex of Sri Manganti stand Regol Donopratopo connecting with Kedhaton complex. In front of the gate, there is a pair of giant statues called Dwarapala Cinkorobolo Bolobuto adjacent to the east and west. On the east side there is a checkpoint. On the south wall insulation depending on the royal emblem, Praja Cihna.
Kedhaton complex is at the core of the whole palace. Pages most dirindangi by kecik Sapodilla tree (Manilkara kauki; family Sapotaceae). The complex is at least can be divided into three parts page (quarter). The first part is the Court of Kedhaton and is part of the Sultan. The next section is a princess who is the wife (wives) and the daughter of the Sultan. The last part is Kesatriyan, was part of Sultan's sons. In this complex, not all buildings or parts thereof open to the public, especially from the ward Kencono westward.
At the Court of Kedhaton, Ward Kencono (Golden Pavilion) facing east is the main palace hall. In this place held a variety of ceremonies for the royal family in addition to a state ceremony. On the fourth side of this building there is Tratag Ward Kencana formerly used for dancing. In the west ward there Kencana nDalem Ageng Proboyakso facing south. This wood-walled building was the center of the Palace as a whole. In it lie Heritage Kingdom (Royal Heirlooms), Throne of the Sultan, and symbols Kingdom (Regalia) others.
In the north nDalem Ageng Proboyakso stand Gedhong Jene (The Yellow House) a residential building official (official residence) Sultan reigns. The building is dominated by yellow on the doors and poles used to Sultan HB IX. Sultan HB X spot that overlooks the east is used as a private office. While the Sultan himself residing in the palace Kilen. In the northeast Gedhong Jene standing one-storey only building in the palace, Gedhong Purworetno. The building was founded by Sultan HB V and became the official office of the Sultan. This building is facing towards the south ward Kencana.
In the south ward Ward Sweet Kencana stand facing east. The building is used as a royal banquet. Now this place used to clean the royal heritage month of Suro. Other buildings in this section is a box Ward, Ward Mandalasana, Gedhong Patehan, Gedhong Danartapura, Gedhong Siliran, Gedhong Sarangbaya, Gedhong Gangsa, and so forth. In this place also now stands a new building, Gedhong Glass as a museum Sultan HB IX.
Princess is home to the Empress and the king's concubine. In a place that has a special place to worship in his time residence of the unmarried daughter of the king. This place is a closed area since it was first established until now. Kesatriyan in his day used as the residence of the king's unmarried son. The main building is Pendapa Kesatriyan, Gedhong Pringgandani, and Gedhong Srikaton. Kesatriyan section is now used as a venue for events tourism. Among Plataran Kesatriyan Kedhaton and former horse stables, driven by the Sultan.
Kamagangan
On the south side there is Regol Kamagangan Kedhaton complex that connects the complex with complex Kedhaton Kemagangan. This gate is so important because in the north there is a baffle wall sculpture depicting two snakes in the establishment of Sultan Palace. On the south side there were two snakes in the right and left of the gate that describe the same year.
Kemagangan complex formerly used for receipt of prospective employees (abdi-Dalem Apprentice), a place to practice and test the loyalty of the servants, and apple-Dalem internship. Magangan wards located in the middle of the page is used as a place of ceremony Bedhol Songsong, puppet show which marked the completion of the entire ritual procession in the palace. Building Pawon Ageng (palace kitchen) Sekul Langgen on the east side and Pawon Ageng Gebulen located on the west side. Both the name refers to the type of rice dishes and rice Langgi Gebuli. In the southeast and southwest corners are Panti Pareden. Second place is used to make Pareden / Mountains on the eve of Garebeg Ceremony. On the east and west there is a gate, each of which is the door into the street and road Suryoputran Magangan.
On the south side of the page there is a road that connects the complex with Regol Gadhung Kamagangan Mlati. Back in the middle there is a suspension bridge over the canal that connects two saris Park artificial lake in the west and east of the complex of Taman Sari. In the west where there is a small pier used by the Sultan to boating through the canals and visit the Taman Sari.
Kamandhungan Kidul
At the southern end of the lane on the south complex Kamagangan there is a gate, Regol Gadhung Mlati, which connects the complex with the complex Kamagangan Kamandhungan South / south. The walls of the gate insulator has the same ornamentation with the wall insulation Kamagangan gate. In the South there are complex Kamandhungan Kamandhungan Ward main building. The ward is said to have originated from the gazebo in the village of Jackfruit Coral Pandak Sokawati area that was once the place of Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono I stationed during the war throne III. On the south side of South Kamandhungan there is a gate, Regol Kamandhungan, which became the most southern door of the complex Cepuri. Among the complex Kamandhungan Kidul and Siti Hinggil Kidul road there called Pamengkang.
Siti Hinggil Kidul
Siti Hinggil meaning of the high ground, siti: land and Hinggil: high. Siti Hinggil Kidul or now known as Hinggil Sasana Dwi Abad is located on the north plaza Kidul. Siti Hinggil Kidul vast complex of approximately 500 square meters. Ground on this building elevated about 150 cm from the ground around it. Side of the east-north-west of this complex there is a small street called Pamengkang, where people passing by every day. Formerly in the middle of the gazebo there Hinggil Siti simple then restored in 1956 into a Gedhong Hinggil Sasana Dwi Abad as a warning sign 200 years the city of Yogyakarta.
Siti Hinggil Kidul used in ancient times by the Sultan's palace to watch the soldiers who are doing the rehearsal Garebeg, where watched the human race with a tiger (rampogan) and to train female soldiers, Langen Kusumo. This place also becomes the beginning of the funeral procession of a long journey to the Sultan, who died Imogiri. Now, Siti Hinggil Kidul used to shew the performing arts to the public particularly the wayang kulit, exhibitions, and so on.
Source: http://sunudotcom.blogspot.com/ Translate By : Gedesebayu
